The structure and function of the ribosome
Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
Thomas A. Steitz
Ada E. Yonath
How chromosomes are protected by telomeres and the enzyme telomerase
Elizabeth H. Blackburn
Carol W. Greider
Jack W. Szostak
Discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein, GFP
Osamu Shimomura
Martin Chalfie
Roger Y. Tsien
Discovery of human immunodeficiency virus
Harald zur Hausen
Françoise Barré-Sinoussi
Luc Montagnier